U.K.bans Indian mujaheddin

    The British government on july 6, banned The indian mujahideen (IM) describing it as a threat to national Security and citing its alleged  Involement in several terror  attacks, including the Mumbai bombings, The ban  Makes it an offence to be a member of the IM under Britain's terrorism of the IM under Britain's terrorism act 2000.

The group is already banned in several countries including the U.S. and New Zealand.

                     Sounding out The red Planet 

  

  

  "In image taken by The curiosity rover  on august  23, 2012 shows mount sharp in the  background" 

The first recorded human voice that travelled from earth to mars and then back to earth was released on Monday, at NASA'S jet propulsion laboratory (JPL) in pasadena, California,  the voice play back was released along with new telephoto  camera views of the varied Martian  landscape during a news conference at JPL.

In spoken words raelioed to the mars rover and then back to NASA'S  deep space network (DSN) on earth, NASA Administrator charles bolden, congratulated NASA employees  and the agency's commercial and government partners  on the successful landing  of curiosity earlier this  month, (5 August, 2012)reported Xinhua. 

source :- IANS

World's fastest internet connection unveiled by google-

 

   Internet giant google unveiled the world's fastest  internet connection through its ultra- high - speed 

 Service on  july 28,  2012. the google fiber  services, offering lightning - fast access  of one gigabit per Second, was unveiled in kansas city missouri, USA.

Rajasthan adopts new wind power policy

                 

  

IN order to facilitate installation of wind energy plants of 3,000 MW capacity during the next three      to four years, The Rajasthan government has adopted a new wind power policy . this will also help in Promoting private investment in the sector through a slew of incentives  and concessions.   

            
 This was announced by the state energy minister mr.  jitendra singh  in jaipur on july 20, 2012  The government owned power discoms would purchase electricity from the plans at the rates decided by  the power tariff regulatory commission while the investors would be free to sell electricity to any the Institution. the new policy  would pave the way for investments worth Rs. 2,000 Crore  in the state.

  

               How  is nuclear energy generated ?  

 There is only one major difference between operating a thermal power plant and a nuclear power plant. The single difference lies in the type of fuel. both types of power plants heat water to produce. Pressurized  steam which turns turbines  that generate electricity. A thermal power plant uses coal as the Fuel, which a nuclear reactor uses uranium  coal is ready for use immediately  after mining. In contrast, Uranium has to undergo a further step for it to become a suitable fuel. Naturally mined uranium has 99.3 percent of U-238, 0.7 percent of U-235and less than 0.01 percent of u-234, all of these being Isotopes of uranium. U-235 is unstable and decays to gain stability .In the process, it releases energy. It Can also undergo Induced fission, which is done by firing free neutrons at the nucleus, which is what Most reactors do to generate energy. But to start a nuclear reaction the proportion of U-235 should be Higher than its natural form. Reactor's  fuel has about 4 to 5 percent of U-235. The process of Increasing the proportion of fissionable uranium in the sample is called enrichment. this can be done by A gaseous diffusion  gas centrifuge and laser separation, of these, the first two are generally  used by reactors. U-238 can also be used as a fuel in breeder reactors.

However, The process of using U-238 is mere advanced and hence, it is less preferred as fuel compared  to the other two. 

     Why do diesel internal combustion engines require no spark Plug to ignite the fuel unlike petrol engines ?

   Spark plugs are use in the petrol engines to ignite the air fuel mixture whereas in diesel engines the presence of spark plugs is not necessary . technically petrol engines are called as spark ignition engines (SI)and diesel engines are called as compression ignition engines (CI). IN SI engines air and fuel (petrol)  get mixed in the carburetor and then it is supplied to the engine through inlet manifold  then the air fuel mixture is compressed inside the cylinder. 

At the end of compression the spark is ignited and then combustion takes place from where the power stroke is obtained. Normally the compression  ratio of SI engines  will in the 6-8. this proves that in petrol engines the compression alone doesn't makes the fuel to burn. technically speaking this process in governed by constant volume process or otto cycle. But in case of diesel engines spark plugs are not needed. the air from the atmosphere is sucked into the cylinder of the engine and  then the air is compressed to high pressure which eventually  lead to the increase of temperature, so when the diesel is supplied at end of compression stroke, the  temperature developed is more enough to ignite the diesel, this makes the fuel to burn. then expansion of gases  takes place from where the power stroke is obtained. 

This eliminates  the usage of spark plug as the temperature required to ignite the fuel is obtained on compression itself, so always the compression of diesel engines will  be in the range 12-14. this type of process is governed by constant  pressure  process. this makes one identify the engines. In petrol engines spark plugs will be present but in the case of diesel engines fuel pump will be present. 

              mystery of the black holes 

  

Imagine a star made of matter dense enough to go into a matchbox which weighs 10,000million tons. If a rocket is to escape from earth's gravity, it needs to attain a speed of about 25,000 mph; but the gravity of this star would be so enormous that there would be no escaping from it even at 669,6000,000 mph-the speed of light. Indeed light itself  would not be able to escape, making the star forever invisible. Such stars are  believed to exist in the universe as light cannot leave them. No one has over seen one; but astronomers have good reasons to assume that they are there. These are called black holes. black holes to make = n+si+h, it all element create gravity.     

  apex court bans tourism in core areas of tiger reserves 

In a significant development. the supreme court of the  supreme court of india on july 24, 2012. banned in core areas of over 40 tiger reserves  in the  country.  As per the verdict, tourism will be allowed only in the buffer  areas spreadings up  to 10 km around the critical habitats.  

     the supreme court slammed the states of Adnhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, tamilnadu, bihar, Maharashtra, and Jharkhand for falling to have notified the buffer zones despite earlier directions to the effect.  These states had been asked in april, 2012 to notify buffer zones in their tiger reserves it may be mentioned here that under section 38(b) and explanation 1 & 2 of the wildlife protection act, 1972, the states have to notify the core and buffers areas of tiger reserves in their respective jurisdictions.

Under the act, buffer zones are the areas peripheral to the critical tiger habitats or core areas providing supple m entry habitats for tigers and affering scope for co- existence of human activity. these areas are crucial for the survival of tigers, of which approximately,  1,700 are presently left in the country.

                  8 Pak sites Behind Morphed Pics - Probe 

google image 

With investigation into the cyber warfare unleashed by religious fundamentalists from across  the border Indexti fying eight sites from where the bulk of the fake photos and stories about purported atrocities on Muslins were circulated, home minister Sushil Kumar Shinde talked his pakistani counterpart Rehman Malik on sunday and sought action against these elements .





source :- The Hindu